International Philosophy Olympiad 국제철학올림피아드(International Philosophy Olympiad / IPO) E-brochure 바로가기: https://simplebooklet.com/2024ipo오늘은 국제철학올림피아드(International Philosophy Olympiad / IPO)를 소개하겠습니다.국제철학올림피아드는 매년 열리는 권위 있는 고등학생 대상 철학 대회입니다. 전 세계의 고등학생들이 참가하는 이 대회는 학생들의 철학적 사고와 논리적 분석 능력을 키우고, 다양한 철학적 주제에 대한 심층적인 논의를 위한 기회를 제공합니다.참가자들은 대회 당일 주어진 철학적 문제에 대해 에세이를 작성하며, 이 과정에서 자신의 생각을 명확하고 논리적으로 표현하는 능력을 발휘하게 됩니다.국제철학올림피아드는 매년 다른 나라에서 열리며, 참가자들은 전 세계의 학생들과 교류하며 철학에 대한 이해를 넓힐 수 있는 기회를 가집니다.이 대회는 영어, 프랑스어, 독일어, 스페인어의 네 가지 언어로 진행되는 대회로, 매년 각 국가에서 2명의 대표를 선발하여 참가합니다.참여 조건 / 참가 방법국내 예선1차 라운드는 국내 예선 라운드로 참가자의 시민권에 따라 지역별로 진행됩니다.국내 예선은 매년 12월경에 접수하여 1월에 개최됩니다.신청 자격: 한국 시민권을 가진 고등학생으로, 대회가 열리는 연도에 19세 이하이어야 합니다.에세이 논제는 대회 당일 시작하자마자 발표되며, 참가자는 4개의 논제 중 하나를 선택해 자신의 국가의 공식 언어(한국어)가 아닌 언어(영어, 프랑스어, 독일어 중 하나)로 작성해야 합니다.국내 예선에서 상위 2명의 학생이 선정되어 국제철학올림피아드(IPO)에 참가하게 됩니다.대회는 온라인 시험 프로그램을 사용하여 진행됩니다. 장소는 자택, 빈 교실 등 참가자 한 명만 있을 공간이어야만 하며, 외부인의 출입은 금지되어있습니다.국제철학올림피아드 (IPO)국내 예선에서 선발된 상위 2명의 학생은 국제철학올림피아드(IPO)에 참가하게 됩니다.국제 철학 올림피아드는 매년 5월에 다른 국가에서 개최됩니다.대회 당일, 제안된 논제 중 하나를 선택해 시험을 진행하며, 4시간 안에 작성해야 합니다.이 에세이는 학생의 국가의 공식 언어가 아닌 언어로 작성되어야 합니다. J&B 프로그램은 영어를 사용하는 한국 시민 학생들을 대상으로 하며, 에세이는 영어로 작성됩니다.주제2024년 국내 예선 논제: Choose one of the following quotes that contains philosophical thought and use it as a starting point to freely develop a philosophical discussion. Write your essay in a foreign language (English, French, or German).1. When we say that pleasure is the goal we do not mean the pleasures of the dissipated and those which consist in the process of enjoyment ... but freedom from pain in the body and from disturbance in the mind. For it is not drinking and continuous parties nor sexual pleasures nor the enjoyment of fish and other delicacies of a wealthy table which produce the pleasant life, but sober reasoning which searches out the causes of every act of choice and refusal and which banishes the opinions that give rise to the greatest mental confusion.EPICURUS (341~270 BC.), “Letter to Menoeceus,” Hellenistic Philosophy, A.A. Long (1986), p.652. There are two facts about the human soul on which depend all things we know of its nature. The first is that it thinks; the second is that it is united to the body and can act and be acted upon along with it. About the second I have said hardly anything. [...] It does not seem to me that the human mind is capable of conceiving at the same time the distinction and the union between body and soul, because for this it is necessary to conceive them as a single thing and at the same time to conceive them as two things; and this is absurd. [...] Everyone feels that he is a single person with both body and thought so related by nature that the thought can move the body and feel the things which happen to it.RENÉ DESCARTES (1596~1650), “Letter to Princess Elizabeth (1643),” Descartes' Philosophical Letters, trans. Anthony Kenny (1970), p.137, p.1423. By a name here I will mean a proper name, i.e., the name of a person, a city, a county, etc. It is well known that modern logicians also very interested in definite descriptions: phrases of the form ‘the x such that φx’, such as ‘the man who corrupted Hadleyburg’. Now, if one and only one man ever corrupted Hadleyburg, then that man is the referent, in the logician’s sense, of that description. ...under certain circumstances a particular speaker may use a definite description to refer, not to the proper referent, in the sense that I’ve just defined it, of that description, but to something else which he wants to single out and which he thinks is the proper referent of the description, but which in fact isn’t. So you may say, ‘The man over there with the champagne in his glass is happy’, though he actually only has water in his glass. Now even though there is no champagne in his glass, and there may be another man in the room who does have champagne in his glass, the speaker intended to refer, or maybe, in some sense of ‘refer’, did refer, to the man he thought had the champagne in his glass.SAUL KRIPKE (1940~2022), Naming and Necessity (1980), pp.24-254. [W]hat is meaningfulness? I argued in the last lecture for a conception that combined aspects of two popular views. Like the Fulfillment View, which tells us to find our passions and pursue them, my view acknowledges a subjective component in the meaningful life. A person who is alienated from her life, who gets no joy or pride from the activities that comprise it, can be said to lack meaning in her life. Like the view that associates meaning with involvement in something “larger than oneself,” however, my view also recognizes an objective component. According to what I called the Fitting Fulfillment View, a life is meaningful insofar as its subjective attractions are to things or goals that are objectively worthwhile. That is, one’s life is meaningful insofar as one finds oneself loving things worthy of love and able to do something positive about it. A life is meaningful, as I also put it, insofar as it is actively and lovingly engaged in projects of worth.SUSAN WOLF (1952~), Meaning in life and why it matters (2010), pp.34-352024년 국제철학올림피아드 IPO 논제1. “At times the truth shines so brilliantly that we perceive it as clear as day. Matter and habit then draw a veil over our perception, and we return to a darkness almost as dense as before. We are like those who, though beholding frequent flashes of lightning, still find themselves in the thickest darkness of the night.”Moses Maimonides, The Guide for the Perplexed (ca. 1190 AD), transl. M. Friedländer [slightly revised].New York: Dover, 1956, p. 3.2. "Once war has been declared for just causes, the prince should press his campaign not for the destruction of his opponents, but for the pursuit of the right for which he fights and the defence of his homeland, so that by fighting he may eventually establish peace and security.”Francisco de Vitoria, “On the Law of War” (1539), in Id. Political Writings, ed. A. Pagden & J. Lawrance.Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1991, p. 327.3. “What is the status of citizenship today, in a world of increasingly deterritorialized politics? How is citizenship being reconfigured under contemporary conditions? How has the fraying of the four functions of the state – territoriality, administrative control, democratic legitimacy, and cultural identity – affected the theory and practice of citizenship?”Seyla Benhabib, The Rights of Others. Aliens, Residents, and Citizens, Cambridge:Cambridge UP, 2004, p. 144.4. “Artificial intelligence is not an objective, universal, or neutral computational technique that makes determinations without human direction. Its systems are embedded in social, political, cultural, and economic worlds, shaped by humans, institutions, and imperatives that determine what they do and how they do it. They are designed to discriminate, to amplify hierarchies, and to encode narrow classifications. When applied in social contexts such as policing, the court system, health care, and education, they can reproduce, optimize, and amplify existing structural inequalities. This is no accident: AI systems are built to see and intervene in the world in ways that primarily benefit the states, institutions, and corporations that they serve."Kate Crawford, The Atlas of AI: Power, Politics, and the Planetary Costs of Artificial Intelligence (2021).Yale: Yale UP, 2021, p. 211.채점기준평가 과정은 여러 단계로 이루어지며, 관련성, 이해도, 설득력 일관성, 독창성 등 다섯 가지 기준으로 심사합니다. 이 대회는 다양한 사고를 요구하여 참가자에게 깊이 있는 사고력 개발의 기회를 제공합니다.결과 발표 상은 "메달"로 상징되며, 금메달(gold medal), 은메달(silver medal), 동메달(bronze medal) 및 우수상(honorable mention)이 포함됩니다. 각 카테고리에서 여러 개의 메달이 수여될 수 있습니다.미국에교남녀가 소개하는 국제철학올림피아드(International Philosophy Olympiad YouTube 바로가기: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRMQ8IkhXHY
